A1 ひとつ、ふたつ…
Meaning:
- These words are used to count small things and food up to ten For eleven and more, we use the numbers themselves.

How to use:
[Noun] が[Quantity]あります
Example:
- りんごが3つ/みっつあります。- There are three apples.
- うちにいすがいくつありますか。…6つ/むっつあります。- How many chairs are there in my house? …There are six.
- アイスクリームを2つ/ふたつください。- Two ice creams, please.
- おにぎりを1つ/ひとつ食べました。- I ate one rice ball.
A2 ~まい/~だい
Meaning:
- Use“~まい”to count thin or flat objects like paper and shirts.
- Use“~だい”to count machines or vehicles.
How to use:
[Noun] が[Quantity]まい/だいあります
Example:
- 切手が5枚あります。- There are five stamps.
- パソコンが3台あります。- There are three PCs.
- はがきが何枚ありますか。…10枚あります。- How many postcards are there? …There are ten.
- 車が何台ありますか。…2台あります。- How many cars are there? …There are two.
- 写真を20枚撮りました。- I took 20 photos.
A3 ひとり、ふたり…
Meaning:
- How to count people

How to use:
[Noun(person)] が [Number of people] います
Example:
- 部屋に男の人が3人います。- There are three men in the room.
- 事務所に日本人が二人とフランス人が二人います。- There are two Japanese people and two French people in the office.
- 公園に子どもが何人いますか。…8人います。- How many children are in the park? …There are eight.
- 家族は5人です。両親と姉と弟がいます。- There are five people in my family: my parents, my older sister, and my younger brother.
A4 ~に~かい ~ます
Meaning:
- This expression is used to say how often you do something.
How to use:
[Period] に[Number]かい V

Example:
- 1日に3回ご飯を食べます。- I eat three meals a day.
- 1週間に4回ぐらい会社へ行きます。- I go to the office about four times a week.
- 1か月に2回ぐらい映画を見ます。- I watch movies about twice a month.
- 1年に3回ぐらい家族に会います。- I see my family about three times a year.
A5 ~にち、~しゅうかん、~かげつ、~ねん[period]
Meaning:
- The following sentences show how long you will do something.
Example:
- 二日学校を休みました。- I was absent from school for two days.
- 2週間アメリカにいました。- I was in America for two weeks.-How many months did you study Japanese? …I studied for six months.
- 何か月日本語を勉強しましたか。…6か月勉強しました。- How many months did you study Japanese? …I studied for six months.
- どのくらいダンスを習いましたか。…3年習いました。- How long did you learn dancing? …I learned for three years.
A6 ~から~まで[period]かかります
Meaning:
- Use this to say how long it takes to get from one place to another.
How to use:
[Noun(place)] から [Noun(place)]まで[Period]かかります
Example:
- 東京から大阪まで新幹線で2時間半かかります。- It takes two and a half hours from Tokyo to Osaka by Shinkansen.
- うちから学校までどのくらいかかりますか。…歩いて20分ぐらいかかります。- How long does it take from your house to school? …It takes about 20 minutes on foot.
~ぐらい
Meaning:
- “ぐらい”comes after a quantity, time, or frequency. It means“about”.
Example:
- きのう8時間ぐらい寝ました。- I slept for about eight hours yesterday.
- 3か月ぐらい日本語を勉強しました。- I studied Japanese for about three months.
- 3年ぐらい銀行で働きました。- I worked at a bank for about three years.
~だけ
Meaning:
- “だけ”means“there is nothing else”or“only”.
Example:
- 5分だけ休みましょう。- Let’s take a break for just five minutes.
- 2週間だけ英語を習いました。- I studied English for only two weeks.
- 今朝、水だけ飲みました。- I only drank water this morning.
- 日本語だけわかります。- I only understand Japanese.
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